A light gun, a handheld screen, a floor board, a ring and a paper card ask different things of the player. Nintendo's patent drawings show how aiming, tilting, balancing, squeezing and presenting an object can each become a way to play.

FIG. 01

Shoot a screen with a light gun to trigger the next scene

SOURCE FIGURESFIG. 1
PUBLICATIONUS3960380A
FIG. 1 places the player, target screen and paired projection paths in one arcade machine.
FIG. 01US3960380A
Patent drawing of a player aiming a light gun at a projected gunman, with two projectors below the screen.

FIG. 1 places the player, target screen and paired projection paths in one arcade machine.

Drag to pan when zoomed. Use + / − to zoom, 0 to fit, arrow keys to pan, and Alt + arrow keys for the previous or next FIG.

What is it?

The gun sends light toward a target area on the screen. A detected hit switches the projected scene to show the target in an altered state; the paired film projectors provide the before-and-after images.

Look at the beams drawn from the two units below the screen. The scene change is built into an optical and mechanical system, rather than being just a new image generated by a modern console.

Nintendo Co., Ltd.FIG. 01
ASSIGNEE
Nintendo Co., Ltd.
PRIORITY
1974-09-16
PUBLISHED
1976-06-01
PUBLICATION
US3960380A
INVENTORS
Gunpei Yokoi
ORIGINAL
FIG. 02

Control a handheld game by tilting the device itself

SOURCE FIGURESFIG. 1, FIG. 2
PUBLICATIONUS6641482B2
FIGS. 1 and 2 pair cartridge insertion with the coordinate axes used to describe movement of the handheld.
FIG. 02US6641482B2
Patent drawings of a handheld game machine and removable cartridge, beside a view defining X, Y and Z axes.

FIGS. 1 and 2 pair cartridge insertion with the coordinate axes used to describe movement of the handheld.

Drag to pan when zoomed. Use + / − to zoom, 0 to fit, arrow keys to pan, and Alt + arrow keys for the previous or next FIG.

What is it?

The cartridge entering the top of the machine matters. In the main embodiment, it houses an acceleration sensor, so moving or tilting the assembled handheld can change the game image. The document also allows the sensor to be built into the main body.

The axis diagram supplies a frame for describing movement; it is not a picture of three sensors inside the screen. Buttons remain available while movement adds another kind of input.

Nintendo Co., Ltd.FIG. 02
ASSIGNEE
Nintendo Co., Ltd.
PRIORITY
1999-10-04
PUBLISHED
2003-11-04
PUBLICATION
US6641482B2
INVENTORS
Iwao Masuyama / Toshiaki Suzuki
ORIGINAL
FIG. 03

Stand on a board and use weight shifts as controller input

SOURCE FIGURESFIG. 1, FIG. 11
PUBLICATIONUS8574080B2
FIG. 1 shows four load-sensing positions; FIG. 11 places the board under the player.
FIG. 03US8574080B2
Patent drawings of a board with four corner sensor positions and a player standing on it before a screen.

FIG. 1 shows four load-sensing positions; FIG. 11 places the board under the player.

Drag to pan when zoomed. Use + / − to zoom, 0 to fit, arrow keys to pan, and Alt + arrow keys for the previous or next FIG.

What is it?

The dotted circles near the corners mark load sensors beneath the supporting surface. Their readings can be combined or compared to give game software information about how the player distributes weight.

The second drawing changes the meaning of the first: the board is an input device in front of a game screen. Shifting weight changes the values supplied to the game, even though the player holds nothing.

Nintendo Co., Ltd.FIG. 03
ASSIGNEE
Nintendo Co., Ltd.
PRIORITY
2007-04-20
PUBLISHED
2013-11-05
PUBLICATION
US8574080B2
INVENTORS
Hitoshi Yamazaki / Takao Sawano / Tadashi Sugiyama
ORIGINAL
FIG. 04

Insert the controller into a steering wheel

SOURCE FIGURESFIG. 8, FIG. 18
PUBLICATIONUS9895606B1
FIG. 8 exposes the controller recess; FIG. 18 shows the two-handed grip and outer button controls.
FIG. 04US9895606B1
Patent drawings of a wheel-shaped controller attachment with a central recess, and a player holding it with both hands.

FIG. 8 exposes the controller recess; FIG. 18 shows the two-handed grip and outer button controls.

Drag to pan when zoomed. Use + / − to zoom, 0 to fit, arrow keys to pan, and Alt + arrow keys for the previous or next FIG.

What is it?

The central recess receives a game controller. The surrounding rim gives the player a steering-wheel grip, while movable parts let fingers operate buttons on the controller inside.

Read the empty attachment beside the use drawing: the accessory changes where the hands sit and how they reach the controls. The electronic controller and its physical handle do different jobs.

Nintendo Co., Ltd.FIG. 04
ASSIGNEE
Nintendo Co., Ltd.
PRIORITY
2017-01-11
PUBLISHED
2018-02-20
PUBLICATION
US9895606B1
INVENTORS
Hideaki Kamata / Yuriko Sakai
ORIGINAL
FIG. 05

Push and pull a ring to control a game

SOURCE FIGURESFIG. 12, FIG. 15
PUBLICATIONUS10751613B1
FIG. 12 shows the mounted controller and opposing grips; FIG. 15 shows the ring and leg attachment in use together.
FIG. 05US10751613B1
Patent drawings of an elastic ring with a controller attached and a player holding it while wearing a second controller on the leg.

FIG. 12 shows the mounted controller and opposing grips; FIG. 15 shows the ring and leg attachment in use together.

Drag to pan when zoomed. Use + / − to zoom, 0 to fit, arrow keys to pan, and Alt + arrow keys for the previous or next FIG.

What is it?

The ring is intended to deform when its grips are pushed together or pulled apart. The patent describes a strain detector that converts this deformation into a signal for game input.

The attached controller sits above the two grips, leaving the hands on the elastic structure. The use drawing also includes a separate controller on the thigh, combining upper-body input with leg movement.

Nintendo Co., Ltd.FIG. 05
ASSIGNEE
Nintendo Co., Ltd.
PRIORITY
2019-06-20
PUBLISHED
2020-08-25
PUBLICATION
US10751613B1
INVENTORS
Yoshitaka Tamura / Yoshiyasu Ogasawara / Tomofumi Ikeda / Yuko Zenri
ORIGINAL
FIG. 06

Make the game controller itself a sphere

SOURCE FIGURESFIG. 11, FIG. 12
PUBLICATIONUS20190358533A1
FIG. 11 shows the spherical housing; FIG. 12 shows how the thumb reaches the joystick while the palm supports the ball.
FIG. 06US20190358533A1
Patent drawings of a spherical controller with two openings and a hand operating its joystick.

FIG. 11 shows the spherical housing; FIG. 12 shows how the thumb reaches the joystick while the palm supports the ball.

Drag to pan when zoomed. Use + / − to zoom, 0 to fit, arrow keys to pan, and Alt + arrow keys for the previous or next FIG.

What is it?

The controller groups its controls around a rounded housing that fits in one hand. The use drawing makes the arrangement legible: the thumb works the forward joystick while the other fingers wrap around the ball.

The band around the housing is also discussed as an orientation cue. A sphere has no obvious front by itself, so visible seams and the placement of controls help give it a usable direction.

Nintendo Co., Ltd.FIG. 06
ASSIGNEE
Nintendo Co., Ltd.
PRIORITY
2018-05-25
PUBLISHED
2019-11-28
PUBLICATION
US20190358533A1
INVENTORS
Masaya Takei / Shinta Minagawa / Kazuhiro Maruyama / Kohei Odanaka
ORIGINAL
FIG. 07

Hold up a paper card to exchange data with a game

SOURCE FIGURESFIG. 5
PUBLICATIONUS10279273B2
FIG. 5 shows the card-to-reader gesture; the electronics inside the card are described elsewhere in the patent.
FIG. 07US10279273B2
Patent drawing of one hand holding a folding two-screen game device while another holds a character card over its lower screen.

FIG. 5 shows the card-to-reader gesture; the electronics inside the card are described elsewhere in the patent.

Drag to pan when zoomed. Use + / − to zoom, 0 to fit, arrow keys to pan, and Alt + arrow keys for the previous or next FIG.

What is it?

The lower display area contains the antenna used for contactless communication. Holding the card there lets the device exchange information with an IC chip and antenna embedded in the card.

The card remains a printed collectible, but its stored data can also connect it to the game. The patent describes both character-related data and a writable region for information supplied by the game device.

Nintendo Co., Ltd.FIG. 07
ASSIGNEE
Nintendo Co., Ltd.
PRIORITY
2015-04-01
PUBLISHED
2019-05-07
PUBLICATION
US10279273B2
INVENTORS
Satoshi Kawanabe / Kenko Kawahara / Hideaki Kamata / Norio Asakura
ORIGINAL
FIG. 08

Steer a vehicle with 'two mice,' one in each hand

SOURCE FIGURESFIG. 3, FIG. 4
PUBLICATIONUS20250360404A1
Two independent hand movements are paired with a wheeled game object, using drawings from the international publication in the same family.
FIG. 08US20250360404A1
Patent drawings of two hands sliding separate mouse controllers and a game scene with a wheelchair-like player object and basketball hoop.

Two independent hand movements are paired with a wheeled game object, using drawings from the international publication in the same family.

Drag to pan when zoomed. Use + / − to zoom, 0 to fit, arrow keys to pan, and Alt + arrow keys for the previous or next FIG.

What is it?

The left panel shows one mouse in each hand moving along a work surface. The right panel shows the virtual object those movements control, with separate wheels on its left and right sides.

The publication derives left and right velocity parameters from the respective mouse movements. Their combination determines travel, while a difference between them changes the direction of the virtual object.

Nintendo Co., Ltd.FIG. 08
ASSIGNEE
Nintendo Co., Ltd.
PRIORITY
2023-11-16
PUBLISHED
2025-11-27
PUBLICATION
US20250360404A1
INVENTORS
Hiroki Hamaue / Yoshinori Konishi / Taro Nonaka
ORIGINAL
FIG. 09

Strap a controller to your leg and use foot movement as input

SOURCE FIGURESFIG. 27, FIG. 28
PUBLICATIONUS11260293B2
FIG. 27 lays out the pocket, strap and fasteners; FIG. 28 shows the controller held against the leg.
FIG. 09US11260293B2
Patent drawings of an extended belt with a controller pocket and the belt fastened around a leg.

FIG. 27 lays out the pocket, strap and fasteners; FIG. 28 shows the controller held against the leg.

Drag to pan when zoomed. Use + / − to zoom, 0 to fit, arrow keys to pan, and Alt + arrow keys for the previous or next FIG.

What is it?

A pocket receives the controller, and the belt threads through the opening beside it before fastening around the leg. The two drawings explain both the flat fabric accessory and the way it holds the electronics in place.

With the controller attached to the body, its motion sensors can supply leg-movement information. The same family also shows this belt used alongside the ring, as seen in article FIG. 05.

Nintendo Co., Ltd.FIG. 09
ASSIGNEE
Nintendo Co., Ltd.
PRIORITY
2019-06-20
PUBLISHED
2022-03-01
PUBLICATION
US11260293B2
INVENTORS
Yoshitaka Tamura / Yoshiyasu Ogasawara / Tomofumi Ikeda / Yuko Zenri
ORIGINAL
FIG. 10

Turn a ceiling-like projection surface into the game screen

SOURCE FIGURESFIG. 21
PUBLICATIONUS9928580B2
FIG. 21 relates the viewer and projector to an inclined ceiling used as the projection surface.
FIG. 10US9928580B2
Patent geometry diagram of a reclining viewer, a projector and an inclined ceiling, with projection and viewing axes marked.

FIG. 21 relates the viewer and projector to an inclined ceiling used as the projection surface.

Drag to pan when zoomed. Use + / − to zoom, 0 to fit, arrow keys to pan, and Alt + arrow keys for the previous or next FIG.

What is it?

The person lies below the ceiling while the projector sits off to one side. The marked lines distinguish the projection direction, the viewer position and the geometry of the surface above them.

The system measures the projection surface and adjusts the image to reduce geometric distortion as viewed by the user. The document includes controller-driven rotation and correction, rather than assuming that the projector faces a conventional upright screen.

Nintendo Co., Ltd. / MegaChips CorporationFIG. 10
ASSIGNEE
Nintendo Co., Ltd. / MegaChips Corporation
PRIORITY
2015-03-30
PUBLISHED
2018-03-27
PUBLICATION
US9928580B2
INVENTORS
Motoyasu Tanaka / Yuki Haraguchi / Fumiya Shingu / Eizi Kawai / Kazuhiro Hosoi
ORIGINAL

AFTER THE FIGURES

More ways to act, not simply more buttons

Across these drawings, the useful comparison is what the player does. Aim at a screen, tilt the screen itself, shift weight, turn a wheel, deform a ring, cradle a ball, present a card, coordinate two hands or move a leg: each action offers the game a different signal.

The accessories also show several ways to get there. A wheel reshapes the grip around electronics, a belt moves them onto the body, and a ring adds a deformable sensing structure. The final projection system extends the same question to the room where the image appears.

These documents preserve choices about the relationship between bodies, objects and software. Their value is in making those choices visible, whether or not a particular proposal reached a product.

SOURCES

Primary sources

  1. US3960380A — Light ray gun and target changing projectors
  2. US6641482B2 — Portable game apparatus with acceleration sensor and information storage medium storing a game program
  3. US8574080B2 — Game controller, storage medium storing game program, and game apparatus
  4. US9895606B1 — Accessory device
  5. US10751613B1 — Apparatus and method
  6. US20190358533A1 — Game controller
  7. US10279273B2 — Trading card and trading card set
  8. US20250360404A1 — Non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having game program stored therein, game processing method, and system
  9. US11260293B2 — Method and apparatus with deformable body engaging portion and game controller attachment portion
  10. US9928580B2 — Projection system, projector apparatus, and projection method